Notes on applied machine learning.

Practical writing on production ML, explainable AI, RAG systems, model evaluation, and the engineering details that decide whether a model survives contact with real data.

October 12, 2026 RAG & LLM Systems

Can a Classifier's Confidence Decide Which Clinic Notes a Person Checks? Testing Jev on 140 Visit Notes

I tested Jev, a new model from TypeSafe AI that answers classification questions with probabilities instead of generated text, on 140 made-up visit notes from a fertility and gynecology practice. It labeled 138 correctly in 2.2 seconds for less than half a cent, and with a review threshold of 0.8 both mistakes went to a person while the other 132 notes were all correct.

Text Classification Model Evaluation LLM Evaluation Healthcare Jev Python

September 15, 2026 Explainable AI

Explainable AI for Graph Neural Networks: Example Use of CAM and Grad-CAM

Class activation maps are almost always explained on images. This post applies CAM and Grad-CAM to a spatio-temporal graph network for human skeleton data, with the math, PyTorch code, and the architecture detail that decides whether the two methods give the same answer.

Explainable AI Graph Neural Networks Graph Convolutional Networks Class Activation Map Human Pose Estimation Grad-CAM PyTorch Skeleton Data Human Activity Recognition Human Action Recognition Deep Learning

September 10, 2026 RAG & LLM Systems

Can a Web Page Take Over an AI Research Agent? Planted Pages on an EU AI Act Example

I planted fake web pages in the sources my research agent reads, some with a false EU AI Act date and some with instructions to AI tools. The agent ignored every instruction, but the false date reached most approved reports, usually with a warning, and three fake legal pages pushed its confidence label to high. One change to how the agent judges a website brought the label down to low.

AI Agents LLM Evaluation AI Security Prompt Injection EU AI Act Claude Python

September 9, 2026 RAG & LLM Systems

How Often Is a Research Agent's Confidence Label Right? 156 Claims Checked Against the EU AI Act

My research agent marks every claim as high, medium or low confidence, based on its sources. I had 156 of its claims checked against official sources. The low-confidence claims were right as often as the high ones, most wrong claims cited good sources but got a detail wrong, and the model's own stated confidence did better than the source-based score.

July 4, 2026 Time-Series & Signals

Signal Quality Assessment in Python: Are Your PPG, ECG, EMG, or EEG Signals Clean Enough to Use?

Before calculating the heart rate or HRV from your time series data, you need to know whether the signal is ready for further processing or modeling. This post shows a one-metric quality check for four common physiological signals, tested on real data.

Signal Processing Biomarkers Python Wearables PPG signal quality ECG signal quality EMG signal quality EEG signal quality signal quality index